ALTE PINAKOTHEK ART MUSEUM
The Alte Pinakothek (Old Pinakothek) is an art museum situated in the Kunstareal in Munich, Germany. It is one of the oldest and finest galleries in the world.
The name (old Pinakothek) aludes to the time period covered by the art - the Neue Pinakothek covers 19th century art and the recently opened Pinakothek der Moderne exhibits modern art, all galleries are part of Munich's "Kunstareal" (the "art area").
 HISTORY OF THE ALTE PINAKOTHEK
The collection was already founded by William IV who ordered important contemporary painters to create several history paintings. Elector Maximilian I acquired paintings especially of Albrecht Durer and his grandson Maximilian II Emanuel bought a lot of Dutch and Flemish paintings when he was Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
After the reunion of Bavaria and the Palatinate the galleries of Mannheim, Dusseldorf and Zweibrucken were moved to Munich, also to protect the collections during the wars which followed the French revolution.
Ludwig I of Bavaria collected especially Early German, Netherlandish and Italian paintings and ordered Leo von Klenze to erect the gallery. Very modern in these times it became exemplary for museum buildings in Germany and Europe after its inauguration in 1836, the building became a model for new galleries in Rome, St Petersburg, Brussels and Kassel. It was destroyed severly in WWII but was reconstructed and reopened to public in the late 1950s.
THE COLLECTION AT ALTE PINAKOTHEK
The museum houses an expanded collection of several thousand of European paintings from the 13th to 18th century. Especially its collection of Early Italian, Old German, Old Dutch and Flemish paintings belongs to the most important in the world. About 700 paintings are exhibited.
• German paintings 14th-17th century:
Among many others the Pinakothek shows works of Stefan Lochner ("Adoration of the Christ Child by the Virgin (The Nativity)"), Albrecht Durer ("The Four Apostles") ("Paumgartner Altar") ("Self-portrait in Fur Coat"), Albrecht Altdorfer ("The Battle of Issus"), Cranach ("Lamentation Beneath the Cross"), Holbein ("St. Sebastian Altar; Central panel: Martyrdom of St. Sebastian"), Matthias Grunewald ("SS. Erasmus und Maurice"), Michael Pacher ("Altar of the Church Fathers"), Hans von Aachen ("The Triumph of Truth"), Adam Elsheimer ("The Flight into Egypt"), Johann Liss ("Death of Cleopatra")
• Dutch paintings 15th-18th century:
One of the most impressive collection worldwide especially for early Netherlandish paintings with masterpieces for example of Dieric Bouts ("Ecce Agnus Dei"), Rogier van der Weyden ("Columba-Altar"), Lucas van Leyden ("Virgin and Child with Mary Magdalen and a Donor"), Hieronymus Bosch ("Fragment from the Last Judgment"), Rembrandt van Rijn ("The Deposition") ("The Holy Family"), Frans Hals ("Portrait of Willem Croes"), Pieter Lastman ("Odysseus and Nausikaa") and Gerard Terborch ("The Flea-Catcher (Boy with His Dog)")
• Flemish paintings 16th-18th century:
The collection contains masterpieces of painters like Pieter Brueghel ("Harbour Scene with Christ Preaching"), Peter Paul Rubens ("Rubens and Isabella Brant in the Honeysuckle Bower") ("The Fall of the Damned") ("The Big Last Judgment"), van Dyck ("Self-Portrait") ("Susanna and the Elders") and Jacob Jordaens ("Satyr with Peasants"). The Rubens Collection is the largest one worldwide.
• Italian paintings 13th-18th century:
The Italian Gothic paintings are the oldest of the gallery, among them Giotto's famous "The Last Supper", then all Schools of Italian Renaissance and Baroque Painting are represented with works of Fra Angelico ("Entombment of Christ"), Sandro Botticelli ("Lamentation of Christ"), Fra Filippo Lippi ("The Annunciation"), Tizian ("Vanity") ("Charles V"), Tintoretto ("Christ in the House of Mary and Martha"), Raffael ("The Canigiani Holy Family"), ("Madonna Tempi"), Leonardo da Vinci ("Virgin and Child"), Tiepolo ("The Adoration of the Kings"), Francesco Guardi ("Regatta on the Canale della Guidecca"), Canaletto ("Piazetta in Venice") and others.
• French paintings 16th-18th century:
In spite of the close relationship of the Wittelsbach to France it is the second smallest section with works for example of Claude Lorrain ("The Expulsion of Hagar"), Nicolas Poussin ("Midas and Bacchus"), Jean-Honoré Fragonard ("Girl with Dog"), François Boucher ("Madame de Pompadour") ("Reclining Girl"), Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin ("Woman Cleaning Turnips"), Maurice-Quentin de la Tour ("Mademoiselle Ferrand Meditating on Newton"), Claude Joseph Vernet ("Eastern Harbour at Dawn").
• Spanish paintings 16th-18th century:
Though this is the smallest section all masters are represented, such as Murillo ("Baggar Boys Eating Grapes and Melon"), Velazquez ("Young Spanish Gentleman"), El Greco ("The Disrobing of Christ"), de la Cruz ("Infant Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain"), Jusepe de Ribera ("Saint Bartholomew") and Zurbarán ("The Entombment of St. Catharine of Alexandria on Mount Sinai"). The paintings of Francisco de Goya were moved into the New Pinakothek.
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Alte Pinakothek, ca, 1900
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